Development of SPZ

Sanitary protection zone (SPZ) – a territory where a special mode of use is provided. Its presence provides the health of the population with a sufficient level of safety, prevents the impact on the body of people of the harmful effects (physical, biological, as well as chemical) of objects on the border of the zone and beyond.

Each enterprise that is engaged in production certainly affects the environment: atmospheric air, as well as land and water resources. Even if you install environmental protection equipment and use only modern technologies, this impact cannot be completely avoided. That is why the concept of "sanitary protection zone" was introduced at the legislative level. In order to protect the rights of the citizens of Turkmenistan to a favorable environment (it is specified in the constitution), each organization is obliged to develop a project for the sanitary protection zone of the enterprise in a timely manner.

1. Creation of a reliable barter (sanitary and protective) between the territory of an enterprise or a group of enterprises, and a site with residential buildings;

2. Minimizing the impact of the enterprise's activities on the environment, guaranteeing its compliance with established hygienic standards, as well as values that determine the risk to well-being and health of the population in an acceptable range, all factors of influence outside the SPZ are regulated;

3. Creation of a sufficient number of green areas that are necessary for assimilation, screening, filtering of substances that pollute the air, as well as to create an optimal microclimate.

In fact, the border of the SPZ is a line that forms the border around the territory of an industrial enterprise. Outside of it, all parameters of environmental impact must comply with strictly established standards (hygienic).

The key goal for which the development of the SPZ of enterprises is carried out is to guarantee the protection of public health from the influence of harmful substances generated as a result of the activities of the enterprise.

1. Development of SPZ projects - a clear definition and rational justification that a certain size of the SPZ is sufficient to protect the environment and the population from the influence of negative factors. It is calculated based on the level of pollution and the physical impact on the atmospheric air, as well as taking into account other negative impact factors.

2. Risk assessment of the impact of pollutants generated in the process of the enterprise in the air, as well as noise. This type of work is carried out if necessary.

3. Approval of the developed draft SPZ in the relevant bodies of the Ministry of Health of Turkmenistan (hereinafter referred to as the Ministry of Health), obtaining an act of the state sanitary and hygienic examination.

4. Conducting laboratory (analytical) control, as well as measuring all physical factors necessary to confirm the calculated parameters.

The procedure for developing and approving SPZ projects must go through all operating enterprises and those enterprises that are at the stage of design, construction, are under reconstruction, as well as structures and objects of other types, in the course of which substances are formed that affect the environment and the state of human health. The Sanitary Code of Turkmenistan “On approval of Sanitary norms, rules and hygiene standards “Hygienic requirements for the organization of sanitary protection zones of enterprises, structures and other objects that are objects of impact on human health and the environment”, effective since 2009, obliges this.

SPZ projects are developed for absolutely all enterprises that are a source of negative impact on the environment and human health. First of all, this is required from enterprises within the SPZ of which there are objects that are sensitive to the negative impact of harmful substances. Their list includes residential buildings, educational institutions, recreation areas, sports facilities and others. The basic size of the SPZ is the territory of the SPZ, determined depending on the type of economic activity. They are established in strict accordance with the state standard of Turkmenistan TDS 579-2001 "Environmental impact assessment when planning economic and other activities in Turkmenistan" (2001);.

In addition, the need to develop a SPZ project may be obligated by the requirement specified in the order of the authorized control bodies due to the location of the enterprise in the conditions of urban zoning of the territory without observing the SPZ. This means that the enterprise is located within the boundaries of the established development (residential) without complying with the basic SPZ.

All the required information required in the process of developing the SPZ project of the designed facility is taken in accordance with the design data.